Rough Draft The Good Earth Essays - The Good Earth, Sons, Wang Lung

Rough Draft: The Good Earth The Good Farmer A simple, hardworking Chinese farmer is all he is. But there is more to this simple farmer, he is not just a common character in this book, but a universal figure, an example of people that have tilled the earth throughout the ages. Wang Lung in Pearl Buck's The Good Earth is a Chinese farmer and a loving father who is grateful of the things he has. Wang Lung is a very good father with good morals and sticks to his upbringing and culture. He treats his sons well and when they misbehave or disrespect him they get what is coming to them. The only real flaw that he has as being a father is with his "poor fool", he doesn't acknowledge her because she is different, retarded and has other things to worry about. He is a better father when he has nothing especially when he decides not to sell his daughter into slavery when they need the money. When he gets rich all that he can think about is himself and puts his kids out of the way. As a farmer, Wang Lung is very successful and is loathed by the other farmers. He is very hardworking when it comes to his farm when he is poor because he needs every penny he can earn. He takes nothing for granted and makes sure that he thanks the gods for the good harvest. Even though he has people to work for him, he feels that he needs to be outside with the earth when he farms. He never complained about the backbreaking work that he did all for his family. When Wang Lung was poor, he was very humble in everything he did. One good example is when him and his family went to the city, he decided not to beg for money, but to earn it by doing what he has been doing his entire life - working. He also accepted everything that he had and did not ask for more. When he got something he never complained that it was too much or too little. Wang Lung is a very admirable character that shows human flaws that all people have. He is a figure in this book that is universal to all common peasants of now and the past. He is a humble person, a good farmer and a good father.

Sickle Cell Anemia Essay Example

Sickle Cell Anemia Essay Example Sickle Cell Anemia Essay Sickle Cell Anemia Essay Anemia is a condition in which there is lower than normal number of red blood cells or hemoglobin within a person, consequently decreasing the amount of oxygen being carried to the rest of the body. Causes of such a condition are usually insufficient amounts of iron, blood loss, lack of red blood cell production, or high rates of red blood cell destruction. (MNT, medicalnewstoday.com/articles/158800.php) One form of this condition is the disease Sickle Cell Anemia, an inherited blood disorder that affects hemoglobin. It occurs when a person inherits two recessive genes from their parents that results in the hemoglobin the red blood cells to be sickle hemoglobin. This sickle hemoglobin causes the red blood cells to change from being flexible and disk-shaped to stiff, sticky, and crescent (sickle) shaped. (NIH, nhlbi.nih.gov/health/health-topics/topics/sca/) Sickle Cell Anemia can be harmful to humans, for the now stiff, sticky, and crescent shaped red blood cells can no longer move easily through the blood vessels. (MedicinePlus, nhlbi.nih.gov/health/health-topics/topics/sca/) Consequently, they can block blood flow, which can lead to pain and an increased risk for contracting infections, as well as damage to tissue and organs. The latter is due to lack of oxygen from the impaired circulation by sickle cells and can result in disabilities, such as Aseptic Necrosis (the death of portions of bone). (MedicineNet, medicinenet.com/sickle_cell/page3.htm) There are certain demographic areas that are more prone to having Sickle Cell Anemia. These areas are certain regions of Africa, the Middle East, South Asia, and southern Europe. This is mainly due to the connection between Sickle Cell Anemia and the disease known as malaria. Due to the fact that people who are heterozygous for Sickle Cell Anemia are either immune or have increased resistance towards malaria, areas more greatly impacted by malaria contain are more prominent with Sickle Cell Anemia. That is why certain regions of Africa, the Middle East, southern Europe, and South Asia are more prone to having Sickle Cell Anemia. (RACE, understandingrace.org/humvar/sickle_01.html) Furthermore, this is the reason as to why Sickle Cell Anemia is found more frequently in people of Indian, Middle Eastern, and African heritage. (MedicineNet, medicinenet.com/sickle_cell/page3.htm) There is currently no cure for Sickle Cell Anemia, but there are basic treatments that help relieve pain and prevent further complications, such as blood transfusions. To maintain health, it is vital for people with this disease to have proper nutrition and hygiene, rest, and to avoid stress (Gene Gateway, ornl.gov/sci/techresources/Human_Genome/posters/chromosome/sca.shtml). Unfortunately, Sickle Cell Anemia is an inherited disorder and there are different types of Anemia that could affect the blood cells in the same way as Sickle Cell Anemia. Also, this disease can be influenced by other diseases, in the sense that sickle cells can be made even more severe because of the side effects of the other diseases. Additionally, there is a connection between malaria and Sickle Cell Anemia, for those that are heterozygous for sickle cell anemia are resistant to malaria. Finally, third-world countries do not have easy access to diagnostics or advanced medication that would help contain the disease. Due to this, it is nearly impossible for Sickle Cell Anemia to be completely eradicated. (Teens Health, http://kidshealth.org/teen/diseases_conditions/blood/sickle_cell_anemia.html)

Leadership at BMW Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Leadership at BMW - Essay Example While charismatic leaders are achievement-oriented visionaries who, by virtue of their characteristic aura and excellent communication, inspire their followers, and are also capable of taking a calculated risk, noncharismatic leaders are knowledgeable, confident and analytical. Unlike democratic leaders who believe in participative management style and encourage the involvement of subordinates in the decision-making process, autocratic leaders tend to use the power of their position to impose their verdict on subordinates. Leaders are seen as enablers when they inspire and empower subordinates, and controllers when they manipulate subordinates. These two contrasting styles can be correlated to some extent to autocratic and democratic styles. Finally, transactional leaders are those who incentivize the performance of employees and transformational leaders are motivators who aim at enriching the subordinates. In compliance with the German laws concerning publicly listed organizations, BMW has a supervisory board and a board of management (BOM). The BOM has six members who are led by the Chairman, Board of Management Dr. - Ing. Norbert Reithofer. The supervisory board consists of ten representatives of shareholders as well as employees (BMW-website-a, 2009). The chairman of the supervisory board is appointed by the Quandts and BMW employees comprise half of the board. The organizational structure of BMW is team oriented. The organization employs interrelated and multi-skilled work teams. Being a top-notch automobile company, BMW has institutionalized the concept of high-performance work groups which are self-organized.

Week 2 discussion and participation Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Week 2 discussion and participation - Essay Example The author of the article claims that the basic principle is focus. A great example illustrated in the article regarding focus was the case of Dell Corporation. Dell was able to penetrate the computer marketplace and increase its market share by focusing on the direct sales marketplace. The acronym developed the authors of the article was very practical. FOCVS is the acronym created in the article. The FOCVS system can be used by marketers to implement marketing strategies. F stands for first. It is common marketing knowledge that the first company that penetrates a marketplace will built a competitive advantage over the competition. O stands for do the opposite. Marketers can differentiate themselves by doing the opposite of the competition. C stands for category dominance. When marketers concentrate on one category of products they can build greater organizational knowledge which helps innovate within its category. V stand for visualizing the market. The use of a great image for a product can enable marketers to captivate the minds of its clientele. The last letter stands for second brands. More brands give marketers more options. The carnival cruise line presentation provided a lot of valuable knowledge for marketing students. Customer centricity allows companies to achieve a better relationship between the company and the clients. The use of segmentation is a great way for marketers to identify the customer attributes that can add value to a firm. For example if the demographics of a country are that 60% of populations are women companies should develop more consumer products for females. The marketing metrics calculated by the marketing department must be used as tools to implement marketing tactics. The performance of the marketing department is greater when strategies can be implemented faster. Segmentation is a marketing strategy that can provide a lot value to the customers. Segmentation can be used by

The Punic Wars Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

The Punic Wars - Research Paper Example However, the two strong rivals in power engaged in war, specifically in the Punic Wars, which was a series of three wars where Carthage was defeated by Rome three times. Carthage was defeated not only because of poor strategy but also because of corruption in its government. On the other hand, Rome won because of its military and political brilliance and sense of unity among its people and military groups. The First Punic War The first Punic War was fought by Rome and Carthage between 264 and 241 BC. It is interesting to note that by 275 BC, Rome had already conquered all of Italy and its goal was to prevent the neighboring countries from getting -------------- 1William C. Morey, The First Punic War, Forum Romanum, 2013. 2Ibid. 3Ibid. 4Ibid. hold of any Roman territory especially Sicily, Sardinia and Corsica. The first Punic War broke out in Messina, Sicily when the Mamertines, or the Roman mercenary soldiers who were employed by the Syracusan tyrant Agathocles, and who were in contr ol of Messana or Messina, were attacked by the Syracusan forces under Hiero II, the Greek Sicilian king. Upon the attach of the forces of Hiero II, the Mamertines called in Rome for help while Hiero II appealed to Carthage and joined the forces of Hanno the Punic, who just landed in Sicily5. Since Rome and Carthage both had interests in Sicily, the war began and continued for the next 24 years. The final victory of Rome was in the sea on March 10, 241 BC, specifically in the naval battle off the western coast of Sicily. During this time, Rome gained mastery of the sea. As a consequence of defeat, Carthage gave up Sicily and the other islands to the Roman Empire. The Second Punic War Between the years 241 and 218 BC, before the second Punic Wars broke out in 218 BC, the Carthaginians experienced what is known as â€Å"aggressive and unjustified†6 actions against Rome, as stated by the Greek historian Polybius. The treaty that Rome signed with Carthage after the defeat of the l atter was actually breached by Rome as the Romans occupied Sardinia. Rome threatened ----------- 5The Punic Wars, Latin Library, 2013. 6Ibid. Carthage with war and even ceded Sardinia and Corsica and forced Carthage to pay an indemnity. The skirmishes between Rome and the Punic forces in Italy weakened the latter, and the latter had no desire of responding to Rome with war7. As a response to this, the Carthaginian general Hamilcar Barca occupied Spain in 237 with an army for the purpose of opening new markets as well as for creating a new Carthaginian base for its operations. Hamilcar Barca militarized Spain and this militarization was continued by Hasdrubal and Hannibal and Barca’s son-in-law Hasdrubal. When Hannibal conquered Sagunto, Spain, which was a Roman stronghold, Rome declared another war against Carthage8. Hannibal was placed as the head of the army in 221. In 219, Hannibal seized Sagunto or Saguntum. During this time, the Romans in Rome issued an ultimatum demandi ng the Carthaginian council to surrender Hannibal, but Rome was not obeyed and the council supported Hannibal and accepted the offer of war9. The second Punic War broke out in 218 BC and it is considered as â€Å"one of the greatest military conflicts of the ancient world†10. The series of strategies of the Carthaginian general Hannibal until he was defeated are worth mentioning. The first victory of Hannibal was near

Treatments for Patients with Prostate Cancer

Treatments for Patients with Prostate Cancer EFFECTIVE TREATMENT FOR PATIENTS WITH PROSTATE CANCER TO ACHIEVE A BIOCHEMICAL RECURRENCE FREE SURVIVAL Mariam O. Akinwale MEDICAL UNIVERSITY OF THE AMERICAS Mentor: Dr. Akintola Odutola Manuscript word count: 4205 HYPOTHESIS: In the treatment of aggressive and metastatic prostate cancer, patients who undergo radical prostatectomy with additional radiation therapy and/or hormonal therapy have less recurrence rate in comparison to those who receive radical prostatectomy alone due to its additive curative effect. ABSTRACT (word count: 275) Hypothesis: In the treatment of aggressive and metastatic prostate cancer, patients who undergo radical prostatectomy with additional radiation therapy and/or hormonal therapy have less recurrence rate in comparison to those who receive radical prostatectomy alone due to its additive curative effect. Method: The articles reviewed in this studies were obtained from PubMed. The database search combined terms from three themes: men above the age of 50, radical prostatectomy, radiation therapy or hormonal therapy and prostate cancer remission. This search yielded 72 articles after inclusion criteria were considered. A total of 32 articles were used for final review after excluding 40 articles that did not compare management options for treatment of prostate cancer. Result: Better life-expectancy have been indicated in patient treated with radiotherapy with hormonal therapy compared to patient treated with radical prostatectomy only. However, radical prostatectomy and radiotherapy with hormonal therapy are far more efficient compared to radiotherapy with hormonal therapy. The use of hormonal therapy for treatment of prostate cancer has always been frowned at because of its life-threating side effects but its patient-survival rate supersedes that of radical prostatectomy as a monotherapy. Conclusion: Combination therapy of radical prostatectomy with radiotherapy and hormonal therapy for treatment of patients with either benign or metastatic prostate cancer have a longer life-expectancy than radiotherapy with hormonal therapy, while patients treated with radiotherapy and hormonal therapy have a longer life-expectancy than those with radical prostatectomy with radiotherapy even after considering the side effects of hormonal therapy. Screening tests may help with early detection of biochemical recurrence and also prevent overtreatment with radiotherapy and/or hormonal therapy after radical prostatectomy. Keywords: radical prostatectomy, adjuvant radiation therapy, hormonal therapy, biochemical recurrence, prostates cancer INTRODUCTION Prostate cancer (PCa) is the second commonest cancer in males above age 60. African- Americans have the highest prevalence in the US. Risk factors include diets high in beef and milk. Two hundred and thirty-three thousand new cases are diagnosed yearly with 29,480 mortality reported in 2014. (American Cancer Society, 2014) Given these statistics, it is very important to diagnose and treat PC early in order to reduce the risk of high mortality. Several treatments options are available in the management of PCa. Low- risk prostate cancer is managed by active surveillance in order to prevent unnecessary exposure to radiation or surgery. Intermediate or high- risk non-metastatic prostate cancer is treated with prostatectomy or radiation therapy (Zietman et al., 2010). Aggressive and metastatic prostate cancers are treated with variable combinations of radical prostatectomy (RP), radiation therapy (RT), chemotherapy, cryosurgery, hormonal therapy (HT) and bisphosphates. These combination therapeutic options address the tendency of aggressive PCa to metastasize to neighbouring structures/organs. This study is designed to evaluate a specific combination of treatment option in the management of aggressive and metastatic PCa. It is hypothesized that patients with aggressive PCa who undergo radical prostatectomy and adjuvant radiotherapy have less recurrence rate compared to those who receive radical prostatectomy alone due to its additive curative effect (Thompson et al., 2013). This study is significant because evidence suggests that different combination treatments of aggressive PCa are associated with different recurrence rate. The identification of the combination therapy with the lowest recurrence rate and longer life-expectancy is essential in this study. I chose this topic because it is important for family practice physicians to have accurate information to give to their patients regarding best treatment options for aggressive metastatic PCa. METHOD The articles reviewed in this studies were obtained from PubMed. The database search combined terms from four themes: specific population (older men OR men above 50 OR prostate cancer patient OR post prostatectomy patient OR recurrent prostate cancer patient), intervention (prostate cancer adjuvant therapy OR prostate cancer adjuvant radiotherapy OR prostate cancer adjuvant chemotherapy), comparison (radical prostatectomy) and possible outcomes (prostate cancer recurrence OR prostate cancer remission OR prostate cancer curative OR prostate cancer life span OR prostate cancer prognosis OR prostate cancer quality of life). Boolean operators used were OR and AND. OR was used to capture each term within a theme and AND was used to link each theme within parentheses. Filters used were: article types (randomized controlled trial), text availability (free full text), publication dates (5 years), and limited to human. Inclusion criteria Articles that were included in the systematic review of this study had to meet the following criteria: used randomised clinical trials, cohort studies and meta-analysis; prostate cancer population; radical prostatectomy with adjuvant radiotherapy and hormonal therapy as intervention; radical prostatectomy only as comparison; and prostate cancer recurrence, prostate cancer remission, prostate cancer curative, prostate cancer life span, prostate cancer prognosis, prostate cancer quality of life as outcome. Localized and high risk prostate cancer management were included in the study. Exclusion criteria Population of women and men below the age of 50 were excluded. Articles published prior to 2011 and were not written in English language were excluded. Articles that were not free full text were excluded. Articles that did not compare RP+RT+HT with radical prostatectomy only were excluded. RESULTS This search yielded 72 articles after inclusion criteria were considered. A total of 27 articles were used for final review after excluding articles that did not compare management options for treatment of prostate cancer. Treatment of Prostate Cancer with Radical Retropubic Prostatectomy (RRP) And Pelvic Lymph Node Dissection (PLND) Before we can lay emphasises on other possible treatments to prevent biochemical recurrence (BCR) after RP, we have to talk about RRP and PLND. According to one of the studies cited in this systematic review, ten of 11 patients with histologically confirmed lymph node metastasis (LNM) showed a PSA response (Winter et al., 2015). Three of 10 patients with single LNM had a complete biochemical remission (median follow-up 72months, range 31.0-83) (Winter et al., 2015). In five cases with single LNM PSA decreased et al., 2015). All of the additionally removed 30 LNs were completely negative (Winter et al., 2015). Treatment of Prostate Cancer with Radical Prostatectomy (RP), PLND and Hormonal Therapy (HT) The above combination therapies have been reported to be commonly used for the treatment of metastatic PCa to lymph nodes and other neighboring tissues than localized PCa due to its higher efficacy and potency for the treatment of metastatic PCa. The first article I will be talking about under this subtopic had a mean follow-up of 5.3 years and LNM occurred in 140 patients. An average of 10.9 lymph nodes was dissected from patient with pN1 through a method known as extended sentinel lymph node dissection (eSLND) (Muck et al., 2015). After the surgery, 121 patients with pN1 patients received adjuvant ADT for a sort period of time (Muck et al., 2015). Average survival year for; recurrence-free survival (RFS), RFS after secondary treatment, case-specific survival (CSS), and overall survival (OS) were 4.7, 7.0, 8.8, and 8.1 years, respectively (Muck et al., 2015). RFS, CSS, and OS were significantly correlated with tumor staging (Muck et al., 2015). The second article focuses on the 67 Chinese patients with lymph node metastasis (LNM) after RP and extended PLND, and these patients received continuous adjuvant ADT. The median follow-up of this study was 46.7 months and two patients were lost to follow-up. BCR-free survival was recorded annually indicating 52%, 40%, 22% for the first 3 years respectively and a more significant survival was observed in patients with 5-year BCR free-survival which shows a 93% free-local recurrence, 83% free-systemic metastasis and 96% cancer death-free (Qin et al,2015). Postoperative BCR-free survival was 27.5 months (Qin et al.,2015). Even though a lot of articles support the positive effect of HT as a treatment for PCa, we also have to consider the adverse effect of HT including depression. According to Lee et al, 2015, patients who are treated with ADT have shown to a significant prolonged depressive state (pet al.,2016). The depressive state in correlation to ADT is confirmed when compared to a control by indicating a p value less than 0.001 (Lee et al.,2016) Apart from the adverse effect associated with HT, metastasis have been reported after adjuvant ADT has been used for treatment of both localized and high-risk PCAa (Taguchi et al., 2014). Taguchi et al. reported 9 (4.6%) patients developed metastasis and 6 (3.0%) died from PCa. Eight of nine metastatic patients had a GS greater than 9 and developed a metastasis to the bone, while the remaining one had a GS greater than 7 and developed lymphatic spread (Taguchi et al.,2014). Based on the findings above, optimal timing of salvage ADT for BCR after RP is crucial. According to a study by Taguchi et al., biochemical recurrence was seen in one patients (2.0%) in the ultra-early group and seen in 12 patients (17.1%) in the early salvage ADT group (Taguchi et al.,2014). Only one patient in the early salvage ADT group developed metastasis to a left supraclavicular lymph node, and no patient died from PCa during follow-up (Taguchi et al.,2014). Treatment of prostate cancer with Radical Prostatectomy (RP) and Radiation Therapy (RT) In order to examine the effect of RT after RP, an article which compared outcome of patients treated with radiotherapy after radical prostatectomy and patients who were under active surveillance after radical prostatectomy (Petruzzeillo et al., 2014). Patients who were under surveillance had a longer follow-up but higher recurrence rate and short life-expectancy (Petruzzeillo et al.,2014). Another article was able to back-up this finding, indicating significant longer life-expectancy and lower risk of recurrence (Gandaglia et al.,2014). However, the earlier administration of radiotherapy after RP is very essential. Studies had if indicated that patients who had ultra-early radiotherapy after RP had lower recurrence and longer life-expectancy (Azelie et al.,2012). A number of reports have associated early RT after RP to decrease risk of BCR and longer overall survival (OS). According to Gandaglia et al, patients with high risk score benefitted more from early radiotherapy compared to patients with lower risk scores (Gandaglia et al.,2014). The risk scores were determined based on its association to increasing 5- to 10- year prostates cancer mortality rates with a p value less than 0.001 (Gandaglia et al.,2014). the risk score was associated with increasing 5- and 10-year cancer-specià ¯Ã‚ ¬Ã‚ c mortality rates (P et al., 2014). However, adjuvant RT after RP have shown to present with gastrointestinal and genitourinary toxicities. A study indicating the use of real-time tumor-tracking intensity-modulate radiation therapy (RT-IMRT) as a much preferable RT for treatment of PCa with less adverse effects (Shinohara et al.,2013). In patient treated with RT-IMRT have shown to have better quality of life with little or no risk of urinary and sexual dysfunction (Shinohara et al., 2013). No patients treated with RT-IMRT after RP have gastrointestinal discomfort (Azelie et al.,2012). An article has indicated that earlier RT can lower the risk of adverse effect such as gastrointestinal and urinary dysfunction (Hegarty et al.,2015). Another concern is excessive treatment of PCa with RP+RT using standardized guideline. Patients who underwent RT after RP using this standard guideline 27 patients out of 163 patients had recurrence and 3 out 87 with PSAet al.,2014). Hence the other patients were over treated and therefore exposing them to preventable adverse effects. Treatment of Prostate Cancer with Radical Prostatectomy(RP), Radiation Therapy(RT) and Hormonal Therapy (HT) For the treatment of high-risk prostate cancer (PCa) different evidence-based therapies exist such as (RT+HT), (RP+RT), and (RP+RT+HT). RT + HT resulted in a longer life-expectancy which is always greater than 1 compared to RP+RT (Parikh et al.,2012). However, RP+RT+HT combination have a greater than 0.5 longer life-expectancy compared to RT+HT after considering their side effects (Parikh et al.,2012). Treatment of Prostate Cancer with Radical Prostatectomy (RP), Radiation Therapy (RT), Hormonal Therapy (HT) and Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy (NCHT). Patients with local and metastatic PCa are prone to recurrence after RP. Hence adjuvant therapies are required to reduce biochemical failure and also prolong life-expectancy. Therefore, it is important to study the adverse effect of these combination therapies (RP+RT+HT+NCHT). The major adverse effect associated with these combinations are gastrointestinal and urinary dysfunction while leucopenia and neutropenia mainly for NCHT (Guttilla et al.,2014) and (Thalgotti et al.,2014). Gastrointestinal and urinary dysfunction are seen in low grade pathologically (Guttilla et al.,2014). Thalgotti et al.,2014 reviewed the percentile of blood toxicity after patients have been administered the combination therapies; 90% had neutropenia and 53.8% leucopenia in the studied patients (Thalgotti et al.,2014). Effective Screening Test to Aid Prevention of Biochemical Recurrence (BCR) Eighty-eight miRNAs were identified to be significantly (p36months) (Bell et al.,2015). Nine miRNAs were identified to be significantly (pet al.,2015). Based on the efficacy of the above result a new prognostic stick has been created, composed of miRNA-4516 and miRNA-601, Gleason score and lymph node status (Bell et al.,2015). A study was done to assess which patients would benefit the most from RT after RP using 11C-choline PET/CT. In order to identify which patients would benefit the most from restaging 11C-choline PET/CT before RT, 11C-choline PET/CT was positive in 28.4% of patients (172/605) (Castellucci et al, 2016). Castellucci et al.,2016 categorized these patients based on staging: Eighty-three of 605 patients were positive locally, 72 of 605 patients had systemic metastasis, and 17 of 605 patients had both local recurrence and systemic metastasis (Catellucci et al., 2016). At multi-analysis; PSA, PSA doubling time (PSAdt), and ADT were signià ¯Ã‚ ¬Ã‚ cant predictors for positive scan results, whereas PSA and PSAdt were signià ¯Ã‚ ¬Ã‚ cantly related to distant recurrence detection (Pet al.,2016). Genomic classifier (GC) used to predict biochemical recurrence and distant metastasis in men receiving radiotherapy (RT) after radical prostatectomy (RP). Illustrating Den et al.,2015, the measurement of GC was used to predict recurrence of PCA at 5 years after receiving RT (Den et al.,2015). A multi-analysis was done which no correlation between GC and PSA before RP. However, patients with low GC had no significance recurrence at 5 years after RT while patients with high GC had recurrence at 5 years after RT (Den et al.,2015). DISCUSSION This reviews attempted to answer the question: Can adjuvant therapy be used in patients that have undergone radical prostatectomy to prevent local recurrences? The general collective consensus of articles included in this review supported the hypothesis that in the treatment of aggressive and metastatic prostate cancer, patients who undergo radical prostatectomy and adjuvant radiotherapy with hormonal therapy have less recurrence rate in comparison to those who receive radical prostatectomy alone due to its additive curative effect (Parikh et al.,2012; Kyrdalen et al.,2012; Hayachi et al., 2012; Shinohara et al.,2013; Kaplan et al.,2013; Linder et al.,2013; Azelie et al.,2012; Miyake et al.,2014; Taguchi et al.,2014; Muck et al.,2014; Gandaglia et al,2015; Den et al.,2014; Castellucci et al.,2014; Lee M. et al., 2015; Kang et al.,2014; Thalgotti et al.,2014; Sato et al.,2014; Gutilla et al.,2014; Kim et al.,2016; Rosenkrantz et al.,2015; Petruzzeillo et al.,2014;Den et al.,2014; Lee J. et al.,2015; Qin et al.,2015; Mizowaki et al,2015; Winter et al.,2015; Bell et al,2015; Hegarty et al.,2015; Den et al., 2015; Taguchi et al.,2014). Only one article concluded that patient with High Gleason score (GS) carry a risk of bone metastasis and cancer specific-death after RP with ADT (Taguchi et al.,2014). Seven articles laid more emphasise on the combination therapys adverse effects such as gastrointestinal, genitourinary toxicities and sexual dysfunction (Shinohara et al.,2013) and specifically; diabetes mellitus, heart disease, osteoporosis (Parikh et al.,2012) and depression for HT (Lee M. et al.,2015). However, few articles addressed these adverse effects by recommending ultra-early RT after RP (Azelia et al.,2012 and Hegarty et al.,2015) and early HT after RP (Taguchi et al.,2014 and Sato et al., 2014). However, early RT after RP does not only reduce gastrointestinal and gastrourinary toxicities but it also prolongs quality-adjusted life expectancy (QALE) and lowers biochemical recurrence (BCR) (Azelie et al.,2012, Sato et al.,2014 and Gandgalia et al.,2014). Radiotherapy such as Real-time tumor-tracking intensity-modulated RT (RT-IMRT) may be a better treatment for localized PCa even though it has a similar effect as RP because of the adverse effects associated with RP such as urinary incontinence and erectile dysfunction (Azelie et al.,2012). Hence, better quality of life with RT compared to RP (Shinohara et al.,2013). An article compared RT after RP with observation alone (OA) after RP which reviewed 87.1% to 30% biochemical progression-free survival, respectively (Petruzzeillo et al.,2014). This result lays further emphasises on the efficacy of RT after RP. Despite all the articles emphasizing the efficacy of adjuvant RT and androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) after RP, there is concern for excessive treatment of PCa using AUA/ASTRO guideline on adjuvant RT. A particular article stretched on the concern by concluding that patients treated with RT who met the AUA/ASTRO guideline should be carefully considered to prevent excessive treatment (Kang et al., 2014). This is because in the article, among 163 patients with high risk BCR according to AUA/ASTRO guideline, only 27 patients developed BCR and treated with RT (Kang et al., 2014). In addition, in 87 patients with pre-operative PSAet al., 2014). Some articles (Gutilla et al,2014; Gutilla et al,2014 and Thalgott et al.,2014) considered the effectiveness of screening test on predicting biochemical failure in order to prevent BCR after RP. Several screening test were considered and tested. Specific miRNA (miR-4516 and miR-601), 11C-Choline PET/CT, Genomic Classifier (GC) and whole-lesion histogram apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) metric have sensitivity and specificity for BCR after RP (Bell et al.,2015; Castellucci et al.,2015; Den et al.,2015; Den et al.,2014 and Rosenkrantz et al.,2015). These screenings can help to identify specific treatment for BCR, for example, patients with low GC scores are best treated with RT only, whereas those with high GC scores beneà ¯Ã‚ ¬Ã‚ t from additional therapies (Den et al., 2014). Some studies verified that the trimodality therapy (RP+RT+HT) has shown an increase in quality of life expectancy (QALE) (Parikh et al.,2012; Guttilla et al.,2014; Kyradalen et al.,2012 and Den et al.,2014). Limitations of the search strategy include searching only one database (PubMed), only one source of information is used (database), only published data is included, only data from the last 5 years is included, only articles published in the English language are included, and only one reviewer is reviewing the abstracts. The major limitation of this systematic review is use of more retrospective cohort than clinical trials and use of only free-full articles and also broad question covering several treatment options such as different types of adjuvant radiation therapies, hormonal therapies and inclusion of some chemotherapies. Future research may consider comparing multiple interventions in a single randomized clinical trial with several approaches to allow for better comparison across clinical outcome measures. Further research may consider more screening test to prevent overtreatment. APPENDICES First Author Date of Publication Study Design Level of Evidence Study Population Therapy Outcome Azelie C. 2012 Randomized Clinical trial 1b 178 patients were referred for daily exclusive image guided IMRT (IG-IMRT) and 69 patients were the control group IG-IMRT vs RP+IMRT Patients with low risk PCa treated with IG-IMRT had a more significant outcome compared to the control group (patient treated with RP + IMRT) Bell E. March, 2015 Prospective Cohort Study without controls 4 43 patients who undergone RT after RP miRNAs miRNA signatures (Notably, two novel miRNAs: miR-4516 and miR-601) can be used as a diagnostic tool to determine patients who will benefit from additional therapy after RP. Castellucci P. Nov., 2015 Case series 4 605 patients treated with RT after RP. RT+RP vs ADT at the time of 11C-choline PET/CT At the early stage of BCr after RP 11C-choline PET/CT should be suggested before ADT is administered. Den R. March, 2015 Randomized Clinical Trials 1b 188 patients with positive margin of PCa at Thomas Jefferson University and Mayo Clinic between 1990 and 2009 were considered. Neoadjuvant HT, IMRT, salvage RT, ART In patients treated with RT after RP,genomic classifier (GC) was a good prognostic tool for determining metastasis. Den R. August, 2014 Randomized Clinical trial 1b 139 patients who underwent RT after RP that were identified with pT3 or positive prostate margin. Using genetic classifier to predict biochemical failure after RP+RT The genetic classifier (GC) predicted biochemical failure and metastasis after RP +RT. Patients with lower GC may benefit from delayed RT, as opposed to those with higher GC. Gandaglia G. August, 2014 Randomized Clinical trial 1b 7616 prostate cancer patients treated with RP. Early treatment with RT after RP vs not receiving early RT after RP Patients with two or more adverse pathological characteristics at RP might beneà ¯Ã‚ ¬Ã‚ t the most from adjuvant RT in terms of reduced cancer specific mortality. Guttilla A. 2014 Randomized Clinical Trial 1b 35 patients with newly diagnosed high-risk localized prostate cancer IMRT, RP, ADT, docetaxel-based chemotherapy This treatment phase for high-risk PCa indicated an acceptable oncological outcome. Hayashi S. July, 2012 Retrospective Cohort Study without controls 4 41 patients were treated with external beam RT as salvage RT because of increasing PSA levels following RP. RT after radical prostatectomy Lymphatic invasion is reported after RT+RP Vascular invasion is not associated with biochemical failure in PCa treatment. Hegarty S. February, 2015 Prospective Cohort Study without controls 4 Using the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results-Medicare linked database, we identified 6,137 prostate cancer patients diagnosed during 1995-2007 who had one or more adverse pathological features after prostatectomy. RT after RP RT after RP is associated with adverse effects such as gastrointestinal and genitourinary toxicities while early treatment with RT is not associated with these adverse effects. Kaplan J. 2013 Retrospective Cohort Study without controls 4 577 men with LN metastases discovered during RP and 177 men underwent ART with no distant metastases Adjuvant RT, RP ART after RP in men with LN-positive prostate cancer was associated recurrence free-survival. Kang J. 2014 Retrospective Cohort Study without controls 3b 163 men who had pT2-3 with undetectable PSA level after RP who had metastasis. Adjuvant RT (ART) after RP ART in patient who met the ASTRO/AUA criteria should be applied more selectively to avoid overtreatment. Kyrdalen A. 2012 Randomized Clinical Trial 1b 771 compliers were divided into four groups (i) no treatment, (ii) RP, (iii)RT without HT and (iv) RT+HT No treatment vs RP vs RT vs RT+HT No treatment group: had the highest level of moderate/severe bladder outlet-obstruction. RP group: reported more urinary incontinent compared to other treatment groups and also the highest prevalence of poor erectile functions. RT group: reported highest gastrointestinal dysfunction and fecal leakage compared to RP and no treatment group. Bladder outlet obstruction and poor sexual drive were significantly associated with low quality of life. Lee J. July, 2015 Prospective Cohort Study without controls 4 307 patients who underwent RP at Seoul National University Hospital between January,2006 and July,2007. RP According to this finding, SHBG may be useful in selection of candidate for adjuvant treatment following RP. Lee. M 2015 Observational studies with controls 3b 61 men with prostate cancer and their match control group (n=61) without cancer ADT This article indicates an association with PCa patient developing depression after receiving ADT. Linder B. 2013 Retrospective Cohort Study without controls 4 419 patients who received additional HT Adjuvant HT after RP Adjuvant HT after RP with high-risk PCa does not increase non-prostate cancer (such as cardiovascular disease) mortality, even in patient with multiple comorbidities. Mizowaki T. April, 2015 Observational Study with controls 3b Patients with localized PCa from the Japanese Radiation Oncology Study (JROSG) who were treated with RP before 2005 and those who received RT in 2007.. HT, RT Hormonal therapy was combined with radiotherapy which resulted in a longer life- expectancy. Muck A. March, 2014 Retrospective Cohort Study without controls 4 819 patients with localized prostate cancer (PCa) Extended sentinel lymph node dissection (eSLND) and RP. The use of ESLND and RP in patients with low risk can serve serve as complete cure for BCR. Parikh R. Jan., 2012

Blakes View of the Church, Government, and God :: William Blake Poetry Poems Essays

Blake's View of the Church, Government, and God William Blake 1757-1827 was born is Soho, London. He lived in London throughout most of his life and during his life witnessed many things that affected him. While walking through London Blake had a long time to think. He acknowledged that England was a very rich and powerful country and then wondered why poverty was still in existence. Blake did not go to school but he was taught at home using references from the Holy Bible. Blake was highly critical of the church the government and God because he thought that they could do more to end poverty; he was also critical of the injustices that were exposed upon society. He was a very religious man; he had a great deal of influence from the Holy Bible. He believed that the soul was split up into two halves, good and bad. He created four visions from which he saw the world. After witnessing the poverty and inequalities that were in London Blake translated them into highly meaningful and significant poetry. He also displayed his thoughts as forms of art; Blake was a keen artist and worked as an engraver in Westminster Abbey. Blake did not enjoy seeing poverty but what he hated seeing the most were children or babies having to face the harsh realities. He believed them to be signs of innocence and was disgusted when they were exploited. â€Å"I have no name†¦ Joy is my name†¦ Sweet joy befall thee.† These are lines taken from Blake’s poem Infant Joy; they clearly display Blake’s love of children. The poem is showing a new born baby who is happy and full of life. The first sentence where the baby has no name could mean that the baby could not be placed into any category of visions. At present the baby is in two fold visions which is where it could move into three fold vision and live a good life with education and happiness. Alternatively the baby could move into single vision which is a harsh life where the baby would be repressed. The baby then calls itself joy so that it can be happy and live a joyful life. The last line shows that the mother is wishing the baby a life full of joy. This poem, Infant Joy, has been taken from a collection of poems called ‘Songs of Innocence. ‘Songs of Innocence’ and ‘Songs of Experience’ are two collections of poems that were written by Blake. They are Blake’s most famous poem collections and they only found popularity after his death. Blake uses examples of contrast in his work, from his vision we can

Quantitative Determination of Total Hardness In Drinking Water Essay

Abstract This experiment is about the determination of water hardness through the use of complexometric EDTA titration. Determination of water hardness is important to find out the most suitable water hardness under particular circumstances. This was conducted for the purpose of applying the concept of complexometric titration using an efficient chelating agent, EDTA. Sample mineral water was analyzed using standard EDTA with EBT as indicator, and calcium ions present in the solution were calculated to determine the hardness of the water sample. At the end of the experiment, the results indicated that the mineral sample water has large amounts of calcium and magnesium ions—an implication of a hard water sample. INTRODUCTION Water hardness is a measure of the amount of calcium and magnesium present in sample water. These calcium and magnesium ions have the capacity to replace sodium or potassium ions and form sparingly soluble products or precipitates. Water hardness is involved in various aspects of industrial and biochemical processes. Large amounts of ppm CaCO3 in water can form precipitates when interacted with soap and form rings known as â€Å"scum† in several utensils and appliances. The formation of these â€Å"scum† in electrical appliances degrades its efficiency and will eventually reduce its life span. In addition, these can cause impairments on fabric as well, and damage water treatment plants and piping systems at a water hardness of 300 ppm CaCO3. Calcium is necessary for aquatic animals such as fish. It serves an  important role in bone formation, blood clotting, and metabolic processes of the fish and prevents the loss of important salts in the body which helps in the functioning of its vital organs such as the heart. Small amounts of calcium in water can be life-threatening to aquatic organisms like the fish. Thus, determination of water hardness is important. One method of determining water hardness is through complexometric titration. In this process, a ligand is involved in the said titration. Metal ion reacts with a particular ligand forming a complex and the equivalence point is determined by an indicator. The  ligand used in the experiment is Ethylenediaminetetraacetic Acid (EDTA) with Eriochrome Black T indicator. EDTA is an efficient chelating agent and has an ability to bind with metal ions. Because of this, EDTA is also used in food preservation, an anti-coagulant in blood, and, when EDTA is combined with Fe(II), can even be used as an effective absorbent of harmful NO (nitric oxide). The purpose of this experiment is to determine the hardness of water through complexometric titration. METHODOLOGY Before the actual experiment, solutions of 500 mL of 0.1000 M stock EDTA solution, 250 mL of 0.0100 M standard EDTA solution, 250 mL of 0.050 M standard CaCO3 solution, 50 mL of 0.0050 M working standard CaCO3 solution, and 250 mL of 1.0 M NH3-NH4+ buffer solution were prepared quantitatively. In this experiment, the titrant used was Ethylenediaminetetraacetic Acid (EDTA), a polydentate with six bonding sites. Polydentates aid in obtaining sharper endpoints since they react more completely with cations. Likewise, reaction with polydentates only involves a single step process compared to using monodentates as titrants which involves at least two intermediate species. Among polydentates, EDTA was chosen as the titrant since it is versatile and forms most sufficiently stable chelates because of its several complexing sites which gives rise to a cage-like structure isolating the cations from solvent molecules. For the preparation of 500 mL of 0.1000 M stock EDTA solution, 18.6 g of Na2H2EDTA2H2O was weighed to the nearest 0.1 mg and was transferred into a 400 mL beaker. 200 mL of distilled water  and 1.0 g MgCl26H2O crystals were added into the beaker and mixed until the crystals were dissolved. MgCl26H2O was added to obtain a sharper endpoint since CaIn- complex ion is less stable and endpoint will come earlier than actual. The solution was heated for faster dissolution and NaOH pellets were added to the turbid solution to produce salt EDTA making the pH of the solution higher and increasing the solubility of the EDTA. Into a 500 mL volumetric flask, the solution was transferred and was diluted to mark with distilled water. The solution was stored in a dry and clean reagent bottle. The 250 mL of 0.0100 M standard EDTA solution was prepared by getting 25 mL from 0.1000 M stock EDTA solution and diluting it to mark with distilled water in a 250 mL volumetric flask. For the preparation of 250 mL of 0.050 M standard CaCO3 solution, 1.2510 g of pure CaCO3 was weighed to the nearest 0.1mg into a 250 mL beaker and 20 mL distilled water was added. Drops of 6 M HCl were added until the CaCO3 was completely dissolved. The beaker was covered using a watch glass and was put over a hot plate. The solution was evaporated until an amount of 10 mL was left. After cooling the solution, the washings were collected by rinsing the watch glass into the beaker using distilled water. 20 mL more distilled water was added into the solution and it was transferred into a 250-mL volumetric flask. The solution was diluted to mark and was stored in a plastic polyethylene bottle since glass bottle can leach and ions from it will contaminate the solution. The 50 mL of 0.0050 M working standard CaCO3 solution was prepared by dilution of 5 mL 0.050 M standard CaCO3 into a 50-mL volumetric flask. For NH3-NH4+ buffer solution of pH 10, 2.06 g of NH4Cl was dissolved in 14.3 mL of concentrated ammonia and was diluted to mark in a 250-mL volumetric flask. Buffer solution was used since buffers are resistant to pH changes[13]. Maintaining the pH is important in preventing interference of other species during titration since different chelates form at a particular pH.[14] For the standardization of 0.01 M EDTA Solution, 10 mL each of 0.0050 M working standard CaCO3 solution was transferred into each of the three 250-mL Erlenmeyer flask using a pipette. Then, into each flask, 75 mL of distilled water was added followed by 3 mL of the NH3-NH4+ buffer solution and 2-3 drops of Eriochrome Black T (EBT) indicator. Although use of EBT indicator is unsatisfactory in calcium, it is ideal to use in magnesium titration[15], and since MgCl2 was put earlier, the number of calcium ions can be determine  using EBT indicator[16]. One at a time, the solutions were titrated with the 0.010 M standard EDTA solution. Water sample was analyzed by measuring 50 mL of commercial mineral water Viva into each of the three 250-mL Erlenmeyer flask. Then, into each flask, 75 mL of distilled water was added followed by 3 mL of the NH3 -NH4+ buffer solution and 2-3 drops of EBT indicator. One at a time, the solutions were titrated with the 0.010 M standard EDTA solution. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION Complexometric titration was used in the experiment since the reaction between the aqueous solutions of the analyte (CaCO3 solution, water sample) and titrant (EDTA) forms a complex. Which involves a coordination center composed of Ca2+ and Mg2+ and the chelating agent EDTA. EDTA, a weak acid, commonly forms 1:1 stochiometric ratio when it reacts to form soluble complexes with metal ions, this means that a single endpoint would be observed. Most of the time EDTA reacts with metals regardless of their charges. These would all correlate to a sharp endpoint in titration and a smooth calculation in stoichiometry. Titration with EDTA is affected by several factors such as the existence of complex forming ions and of organic solvents that affects the stability of the complex, the metal ion components, and the pH wherein the titration was performed. The pH range for optimal indications using EBT indicator and for better results in titration using EDTA method is from 8-10. Lower pH would form a colorless complex with EDTA while a high pH makes it hard to distinguish using the metal indicator In the experiment the pH was kept constant at 10, this was possible with the presence of the buffer solution of NH3 –NH4Cl. It has a buffer capacity that satisfies the optimal pH range. Buffer solutions resist pH change that might be caused by other cations and the weak acid titrant, EDTA. Also, the indicator EBT would behave as it should be if there are no fluctuations in the pH. The specific pH was essential because at the pH of 10 EDTA would deprotonate just enough to bind with the metals involved. If too much buffer was added to the solution, the titration would yield defective endpoints. For example the pH was at 12, the solution would be too basic that it might form precipitates with magnesium and calcium which in turn would cause different results. The endpoint of the solution in the first trial was blue so we opt not to put KCN in the solution. KCN b onds with iron  so that iron would not affect the color change of the indicator. If iron is present in the sample it would affect the color endpoint and turn to violet instead of blue. Chemical equations that express the reaction in the titration can be shown in figure 1. Figure 1. Chemical equations involved in the titration. In the sample analysis of Viva mineral water, it contained 54mgCa/L and 14mgMg/L. After computing for the total hardness of the sample using ppm CaCO3 it was found out that the claimed total hardness was 192.6 ppm CaCO3 while the computed average ppm CaCO3 from the experiment was 139.5 ppm CaCO3this means that the calculated value from the experiment is less than the calculated total hardness of Viva mineral water according to the indicated value in the label but still in the range of hard according to the water hardness scale in table 1. Table 1 Water Hardness Scale The unit ppm CaCO3 was used because water is mostly composed of calcium and magnesium ions. Both of these ions can be expressed in terms of CaCO3 One possible source of error is the human error from differentiating color change of the indicator EBT. The solution might have turned violet but not observed making the titrant endpoint wrong because of the presence of iron. Other possible sources of error are excess buffer solution that will increase pH, calibration error of pH meter, wrong volume reading, and over titration. SUMMARY AND CONCLUSION The Complex solutions were formed by titration with the chelating agent EDTA. With the use of complexometric titration the total hardness of water sample was determined. It was found out that the water hardness of Viva mineral water is classified as â€Å"hard† in terms of calcium and magnesium ions content that was expressed in terms of ppm CaCO3. The claimed total hardness of Viva Company is larger than the experimental value meaning it has less metal ion content than expected. The results of the experiment can be improved with the addition of KCN. It might not be visible that the endpoint was violet  but it would be safer to eliminate iron discrepancies in the results. REFERENCES [1] Carillo, K.J.D., Ballesteros, J.I., et al. Analytical Chemistry Laboratory Manual, 2009 edition, UP Chemistry Alumni Foundation, 2009, p. 67 [2] Skoog, D.A., West, D.M., et al., Introduction to Analytical Chemistry, 8th edition, Cengage Learning Asia Pte Ltd., 2012, p. 403 [3]Hardwater,http://water.me.vccs.edu/concepts/hardwater.html [4] Wurts, W.A., Understanding Water Hardness, http://www.ca.uky.edu/wkrec/Hardness.htm [5] Skoog, D.A., West, D.M., et al., Introduction to Analytical Chemistry, 8th edition, Cengage Learning Asia Pte Ltd., 2012, p. 372 [6] Skoog, D.A., West, D.M., et al., Introduction to Analytical Chemistry, 8th edition, Cengage Learning Asia Pte Ltd., 2012, p. 386 [7] Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid disodium salt dehydrate,http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/etc/medialib/docs/Sigma/Product_Information_Sheet/e5134pis.Par.0001.File.tmp/e5134pis.pdf [8] Liu, N. et. al., Evaluation of Nitric Oxide Removal from Simulated Flue Gas by Fe(II)EDTA/Fe(II)citrate Mixed Absorbents, http://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/ef300538x?prevSearch=Uses%2Bof%2BEDTA&searchHistoryKey= [9] Skoog, D.A., West, D.M., et al., Introduction to Analytical Chemistry, 8th edition, Cengage Learning Asia Pte Ltd., 2012, p. 372 [10] Skoog, D.A., West, D.M., et al., Introduction to Analytical Chemistry, 8th edition, Cengage Learning Asia Pte Ltd., 2012, p. 384 [11] Carillo, K.J.D., Ballesteros, J.I., et al. Analytical Chemistry Laboratory Manual, 2009 edition, UP Chemistry Alumni Foundation, 2009, p. 69 [12] Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid disodium salt dehydrate,http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/etc/medialib/docs/Sigma/Product_Information_Sheet/e5134pis.Par.0001.File.tmp/e5134pis.pdf [13] Whitten, K.[et. Al.], Chemistry.8th ed., Thomas Higher Education. USA. 2007, p. 742 [14] Skoog, D.A., West, D.M., et al., Introduction to Analytical Chemistry, 8th edition, Cengage Learning Asia Pte Ltd., 2012, p. 401 [15] Skoog, D.A., West, D.M., et al., Introduction to Analytical Chemistry, 8th edition, Cengage Learning Asia Pte Ltd., 2012, p. 399 [16] Skoog, D.A., West, D.M., et al., Introduction to Analytical Chemistry, 8th edition, Cengage Learning Asia Pte Ltd., 2012, p. 400

AMX Resources essays

AMX Resources essays ID Love ( Director, Non-executive Dir. ) MJ Palmer ( Chairman, Director, Non-executive Dir. ) With the $30,000 I had to invest I bought 37980 shares in the company at $0.79. Then I waited and hoped that they would go up. When the shares reached the price of $1.24 I sold them. One reason for this was that on observing the stock exchange and some of the stocks that rise rapidly is that after a while the stocks drop because everybody wants to sell them before other people do and the price drops. The day after I sold the shares in AMX Resources the price dropped $0.14 to $1.10. After that it dropped steadily to $0.98. When it reached this point I thought I might buy them again but I didn ¡t and the price didn ¡t rise until after our trading time had finished. h Will Becker gave me a tip. (A big reason as I don ¡t have much idea on the stock exchange) h I looked into the company and there was a bit of movement going on and so I thought it might go up. h I didn ¡t have anything else to invest in. h It was a mining share and so prone to extremely big changes. AMX Resources is a company mainly involved in the gold exploration sector. The company has been around for a while and so I thought it would be a good buy. Another thing I looked at whilst looking for a share to buy was the year high and the year low. I suppose in a way I was lucky that someone in our group was pretty involved in the stock exchange. I was also lucky that the stock went up and didn ¡t crash. There is not much control over the stock market and so any money that is won is either a lot of good luck or a bit and some good management. With this share I started with $30,000. ...

Ethics, Values, and Career Success

Ethics, Values, and Career Success One of the most important personal successes in society is career success. A person's values and later his ethics are the building blocks of a successful career. Achieving career success leads to a higher level of personal fulfillment. Understanding one's values can help to choose a career path that is conducive to his development as a person. Values are usually the result of acceptable cultural behavior and learned behavior from families. Values tend to lead to goals and ethics help a person to reach those goals.People hold certain beliefs concerning the aspects of work. These beliefs show how people should conduct themselves and what type of challenges the work environment will offer to them. Work values include several general categories. These include extrinsic or instrumental values, intrinsic and cognitive values, relational or social values, and power or self-enhancement values (Ravlin, 2007). Values, defined by businessdictionary.com, are important or endearing beliefs shared by members of a culture about what is good or desirable and what is not.Work values will differ based on a culture from a certain region or nation. Work values influence perceptions of people in a work environment when contexts are not clearly defined. Values also influence behavioral decisions. Values also lead to goals, which lead to certain behaviors. Certain values play more important roles in influencing particular behavior. "For example, dominant honesty value produces more ethical decisions" (Ravlin, 2007, p. 909). The relationship between work values and behavior play sometimes small roles and other times larger roles depending on the situation. Work value similarities generate a more productive work environment and positive attitudes. Values are the building blocks for ethics (Work Values, 2007).Values and ethics are both very important in careers and professional environments. Ethics as defined by Merriam-Webster's Third New International Dictionary Unabridged...

Steel Erection Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Steel Erection - Essay Example Effectively, major incidents are expected to cause over 35 fatalities and cause over 2,300 people to suffer workday injuries. By implementing a new set of guidelines it will be the case that new rules as devised between the Occupational Health and Safety Administration, industry leaders and unions will save the lives of over 30 people as well as provide savings of over $40 million (Which would presumably be a result of lost work hours and payouts to injured workers). In essence the adjustments to the current regulations will not only save lives but will also have a positive effect on the steel industry bottom line. In terms of the construction safety aspects of the OS&H topic it is the case that this safety standard is the first of its kind developed under the negotiated rule-making act of 1990. As such it was developed by all agents affected by the standard. In this sense the article highlighted that some key hazards are associated with workplace injuries and fatalities which are ho isting, landing and placing decking; column stability; double connections; landing and placing steel joints; and falls to lower levels.

Reasons for Low GPA Personal Statement Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Reasons for Low GPA - Personal Statement Example I started my university education in the USA and have struggled in making sure my aggregate points remain above average. My wish to transfer to Korea is based on the fact that I have faced several challenges in the United States that have had a negative impact on my education. I experienced nostalgia in America since I was in a new culture, new language and with no friends. The situation affected my education and social life. The loneliness caused depression, and I had to seek medical help. In my urge to excel in education, I sought help from my professor who gave me moral and academic support. The depression cost me dearly academically such that I registered a GPA of 2.34, which is the lowest in my university education. However, after medication and counseling, I improved notably to attain the current GPA of 2.72. The circumstances surrounding my studies in the United States are responsible for my poor performance. However, I demonstrated that I can perform better in a friendly environment. Transferring to Korea will eliminate the language problem and thus improve my understanding. Moreover, I prefer a Korean college life to the American life. My low GPA for last semester should not scatter my chance of transferring to Korea. Based on the above reasons, I implore you to consider the current GPA.